Genre Analysis and Corpus Design: Nineteenth-Century Spanish-American Novels (1830–1910)
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Acknowledgements
Summary
Summary
Resumen
Zusammenfassung
Table of Contents
1 Introduction
2 Concepts
2.1 Literary Genres
2.1.1 Disciplinary Locations of Genre Studies
2.1.2 Ontological Status and Relevance of Genres
2.1.2.1 Semiotic Models of Genres
2.1.2.2 Genres and Digital Genre Stylistics: The Roles of Corpora, Genre Labels, Features, and Text Style
2.1.3 System and History
2.1.3.1 A Conceptual Proposal for Digital Genre Stylistics: Literary Text Types, Conventional Literary Genres, and Textual Literary Genres
2.1.3.2 Text Types, Conventional Genres, and Textual Genres in Semiotic Models of Generic Terms
2.1.3.3 Literary Currents, Schools, and Movements
2.1.3.4 Genre Systems and Hierarchies
2.1.3.5 Genre Identity and Variability
2.1.4 Categorization
2.1.4.1 Logical Classes
2.1.4.2 Prototype Categories
2.1.4.3 Family Resemblance Networks
2.2 Style
2.3 Subgenres of the Nineteenth-Century Spanish-American Novel
2.3.1 Thematic Subgenres
2.3.1.1
Novela histórica
2.3.1.2
Novela de costumbres
2.3.1.3
Novela sentimental
2.3.2 Subgenres Related to Literary Currents
2.3.2.1
Novela romántica
2.3.2.2
Novela realista
2.3.2.3
Novela naturalista
3 Corpus
3.1 Selection Criteria
3.1.1 Boundaries of the Novel
3.1.1.1 Fictionality
3.1.1.2 Narrativity
3.1.1.3 Prose
3.1.1.4 Length
3.1.1.5 Independent Publication
3.1.1.6 Additional Criteria
3.1.1.7 A Working Definition of the Novel
3.1.2 Borders of Argentina, Cuba, and Mexico
3.1.3 Limits of the Nineteenth Century
3.2 Bibliographical Database
3.2.1 Sources
3.2.2 Data Model and Text Encoding
3.2.3 Assignment of Subgenre Labels
3.2.3.1 An Example
3.2.3.2 Levels of Subgenre Terms
3.2.3.3 Explicit and Implicit Subgenre Signals
3.2.3.4 Interpretive Subgenre Labels
3.2.3.5 Literary-Historical Subgenre Labels
3.2.3.6 A Discursive Model of Generic Terms
3.3 Text Corpus
3.3.1 Selection of Novels and Sources
3.3.2 Text Treatment
3.3.3 Metadata and Text Encoding
3.3.3.1 TEI Header
3.3.3.1.1 Title and Publication Statements
3.3.3.1.2 Declaration of Rights
3.3.3.1.3 Source Description
3.3.3.1.4 Encoding Description
3.3.3.1.5 Abstracts
3.3.3.1.6 Text Classification with Keywords
3.3.3.1.7 Revision Description
3.3.3.2 TEI Body
3.3.3.2.1 Typographically Marked Subdivisions of the Text
3.3.3.2.2 Typographically Highlighted Words or Phrases
3.3.3.2.3 Gaps
3.3.3.2.4 Verse Lines
3.3.3.2.5 Dramatic Text
3.3.3.2.6 Representations of Written Text
3.3.3.2.7 Quotations
3.3.3.2.8 Direct Speech and Thought
3.3.3.2.9 Embedded Texts
3.3.3.3 TEI Schema
3.3.4 Assignment of Subgenre Labels
3.3.5 Derivative Formats and Publication
4 Analysis
4.1 Metadata Analysis
4.1.1 On Representativeness
4.1.2 Authors
4.1.3 Works
4.1.3.1 Comparison of Bib-ACMé and Conha19
4.1.3.2 Corpus-specific Overviews
4.1.4 Editions
4.1.5 Subgenres
4.1.5.1 Explicit Signals, Implicit Signals, and Literary-Historical Labels
4.1.5.2 Discursive Levels of Subgenre Labels
4.1.5.2.1 Theme
4.1.5.2.2 Literary Currents
4.1.5.2.3 Mode of Representation
4.1.5.2.4 Mode of Reality
4.1.5.2.5 Identity
4.1.5.2.6 Medium
4.1.5.2.7 Attitude
4.1.5.2.8 Intention
4.1.5.3 Subgenre Labels Selected for Text Analysis
4.1.5.3.1 Primary Thematic Labels
4.1.5.3.2 Primary Literary Currents
4.2 Text Analysis
4.2.1 Features
4.2.1.1 General Features: MFW
4.2.1.2 Semantic Features: Topics
4.2.2 Categorization
4.2.2.1 Classification
4.2.2.1.1 Thematic Subgenres
4.2.2.1.2 Literary Currents
4.2.2.2 Family Resemblance: Network Analysis
4.2.2.2.1 Method
4.2.2.2.2 Data
4.2.2.2.3 Results
5 Conclusion
Notes
References
Appendix
Sources of the Novels in the Corpus
Appendix of Figures
Index of Figures
Index of Tables
Index of Examples
Data and Scripts
Bibliography (Bib-ACMé)
Corpus (Conha19)
Analysis Scripts (Scripts-nh)
Analysis Data (Data-nh)
TEI (Dissertation)
Appendix of Figures
Figure 94: Number of works per author.
Figure 95: Number of editions per author.
Figure 96: Authors by country.
Figure 97: Authors by nationality.
Figure 98: Authors by country of birth.
Figure 99: Authors by country of death.
Figure 100: Author gender.
Figure 101: Knowledge of the authors’ life dates.
Figure 102: Births and deaths of authors by decade.
Figure 103: Authors alive per year.
Figure 104: Number of active authors per year.
Figure 105: Author ages when publishing novels.
Figure 106: Authors’ age at death.
Figure 107: Number of works per year in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 108: Works by decade in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 109: Works before and after 1880.
Figure 110: Works by decade and country.
Figure 111: Works by country in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 112: Publication countries of first editions.
Figure 113: High and low prestige novels by country.
Figure 114: High and low prestige novels by decade.
Figure 115: High and low prestige novels before and in or after 1880.
Figure 116: Narrative perspective by country.
Figure 117: Narrative perspective by decade.
Figure 118: Narrative perspective before and in or after 1880.
Figure 119: Continent and country of the setting.
Figure 120: Continent of the setting by country.
Figure 121: Continent of the setting per decade.
Figure 122: Continent of the setting before and in or after 1880.
Figure 123: Time periods of the setting relative to the authors’ birth year and publication year.
Figure 124: Time periods of the setting by country.
Figure 125: Time period of the setting per decade.
Figure 126: Time period of the setting before and in or after 1880.
Figure 127: Length of the novels in the corpus.
Figure 128: Length of the novels by country.
Figure 129: Length of the novels per decade.
Figure 130: Number of editions per work in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 131: Editions per year in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 132: Editions per decade in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 133: Editions before and in or after 1880.
Figure 134: Editions by country in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 135: Editions by place of publication in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 136: Works with the label “novela” by decade.
Figure 137: Top 20 most frequent explicit subgenre labels in the bibliography.
Figure 138: Top 20 most frequent explicit subgenre labels in the corpus.
Figure 139: Works with an “identity label” by decade.
Figure 140: Top 20 most frequent subgenre signals in the bibliography.
Figure 141: Top 20 most frequent subgenre signals in the corpus.
Figure 142: Top 20 most frequent literary historical subgenre labels in the bibliography.
Figure 143: Top 20 most frequent literary historical subgenre labels in the corpus.
Figure 144: Number of different subgenre labels on discursive levels (in Bib-ACMé).
Figure 145: Overall number of subgenre labels on discursive levels (in Bib-ACMé).
Figure 146: Thematic subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 147: Sources of thematic subgenres in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 148: Number of thematic labels per work.
Figure 149: Primary thematic subgenres of the works.
Figure 150: Subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 151: Sources of subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 152: Publication years of works by literary current in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 153: Subgenre labels related to the mode of representation in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 154: Sources of labels related to the mode of representation in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 155: Subgenre labels related to the mode of reality in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 156: Sources of subgenre labels related to the mode of reality in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 157: Subgenres related to the linguistic, geographical, and socio-cultural identity.
Figure 158: Sources of identity subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 159: Constellations of identity groups in Conha19.
Figure 160: Subgenre labels related to medial aspects in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 161: Sources of the subgenre labels related to medial aspects in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 162: Subgenre labels related to the attitude in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 163: Sources of subgenre labels related to the attitude in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 164: Subgenre labels related to the intention in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 165: Sources of subgenre labels related to the intention in Bib-ACMé.
Figure 166: Number of works per subgenre label.
Figure 167: Primary thematic subgenres in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 168: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé and Conha19 by country.
Figure 169: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé per decade.
Figure 170: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Conha19 per decade.
Figure 171: Primary thematic subgenres in Bib-ACMé before and in or after 1880.
Figure 172: Primary thematic subgenres in Conha19 before and in or after 1880.
Figure 173: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Conha19 by prestige.
Figure 174: Primary thematic subgenre in Conha19 by narrative perspective.
Figure 175: Primary thematic subgenres in Conha19 by continent of the setting.
Figure 176: Primary thematic subgenres in Conha19 by time period of the setting.
Figure 177: Work lengths in tokens by primary thematic subgenre in Conha19.
Figure 178: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
Figure 179: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé and Conha19 by country.
Figure 180: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé by decade.
Figure 181: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by decade.
Figure 182: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé before and in or after 1880.
Figure 183: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Conha19 before and in or after 1880.
Figure 184: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by prestige.
Figure 185: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by narrative perspective.
Figure 186: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by continent of the setting.
Figure 187: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Conha19 by time period of the setting.
Figure 188: Work length in tokens by primary subgenres related to literary currents in Conha19.
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Figure
Figure 94: Number of works per author.
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Figure
Figure 95: Number of editions per author.
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Figure
Figure 96: Authors by country.
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Figure
Figure 97: Authors by nationality.
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Figure
Figure 98: Authors by country of birth.
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Figure
Figure 99: Authors by country of death.
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Figure
Figure 100: Author gender.
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Figure
Figure 101: Knowledge of the authors’ life dates.
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Figure
Figure 102: Births and deaths of authors by decade.
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Figure
Figure 103: Authors alive per year.
x
Figure
Figure 104: Number of active authors per year.
x
Figure
Figure 105: Author ages when publishing novels.
x
Figure
Figure 106: Authors’ age at death.
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Figure
Figure 107: Number of works per year in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 108: Works by decade in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 109: Works before and after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 110: Works by decade and country.
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Figure
Figure 111: Works by country in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
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Figure
Figure 112: Publication countries of first editions.
x
Figure
Figure 113: High and low prestige novels by country.
x
Figure
Figure 114: High and low prestige novels by decade.
x
Figure
Figure 115: High and low prestige novels before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 116: Narrative perspective by country.
x
Figure
Figure 117: Narrative perspective by decade.
x
Figure
Figure 118: Narrative perspective before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 119: Continent and country of the setting.
x
Figure
Figure 120: Continent of the setting by country.
x
Figure
Figure 121: Continent of the setting per decade.
x
Figure
Figure 122: Continent of the setting before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 123: Time periods of the setting relative to the authors’ birth year and publication year.
x
Figure
Figure 124: Time periods of the setting by country.
x
Figure
Figure 125: Time period of the setting per decade.
x
Figure
Figure 126: Time period of the setting before and in or after 1880.
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Figure
Figure 127: Length of the novels in the corpus.
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Figure
Figure 128: Length of the novels by country.
x
Figure
Figure 129: Length of the novels per decade.
x
Figure
Figure 130: Number of editions per work in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 131: Editions per year in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 132: Editions per decade in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 133: Editions before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 134: Editions by country in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 135: Editions by place of publication in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 136: Works with the label “novela” by decade.
x
Figure
Figure 137: Top 20 most frequent explicit subgenre labels in the bibliography.
x
Figure
Figure 138: Top 20 most frequent explicit subgenre labels in the corpus.
x
Figure
Figure 139: Works with an “identity label” by decade.
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Figure
Figure 140: Top 20 most frequent subgenre signals in the bibliography.
x
Figure
Figure 141: Top 20 most frequent subgenre signals in the corpus.
x
Figure
Figure 142: Top 20 most frequent literary historical subgenre labels in the bibliography.
x
Figure
Figure 143: Top 20 most frequent literary historical subgenre labels in the corpus.
x
Figure
Figure 144: Number of different subgenre labels on discursive levels (in Bib-ACMé).
x
Figure
Figure 145: Overall number of subgenre labels on discursive levels (in Bib-ACMé).
x
Figure
Figure 146: Thematic subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 147: Sources of thematic subgenres in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 148: Number of thematic labels per work.
x
Figure
Figure 149: Primary thematic subgenres of the works.
x
Figure
Figure 150: Subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
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Figure
Figure 151: Sources of subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 152: Publication years of works by literary current in Bib-ACMé.
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Figure
Figure 153: Subgenre labels related to the mode of representation in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 154: Sources of labels related to the mode of representation in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 155: Subgenre labels related to the mode of reality in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 156: Sources of subgenre labels related to the mode of reality in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 157: Subgenres related to the linguistic, geographical, and socio-cultural identity.
x
Figure
Figure 158: Sources of identity subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 159: Constellations of identity groups in Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 160: Subgenre labels related to medial aspects in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 161: Sources of the subgenre labels related to medial aspects in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 162: Subgenre labels related to the attitude in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 163: Sources of subgenre labels related to the attitude in Bib-ACMé.
x
Figure
Figure 164: Subgenre labels related to the intention in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 165: Sources of subgenre labels related to the intention in Bib-ACMé.
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Figure
Figure 166: Number of works per subgenre label.
x
Figure
Figure 167: Primary thematic subgenres in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 168: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé and Conha19 by country.
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Figure
Figure 169: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Bib-ACMé per decade.
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Figure
Figure 170: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Conha19 per decade.
x
Figure
Figure 171: Primary thematic subgenres in Bib-ACMé before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 172: Primary thematic subgenres in Conha19 before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 173: Primary thematic subgenre labels in Conha19 by prestige.
x
Figure
Figure 174: Primary thematic subgenre in Conha19 by narrative perspective.
x
Figure
Figure 175: Primary thematic subgenres in Conha19 by continent of the setting.
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Figure
Figure 176: Primary thematic subgenres in Conha19 by time period of the setting.
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Figure
Figure 177: Work lengths in tokens by primary thematic subgenre in Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 178: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé and Conha19.
x
Figure
Figure 179: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé and Conha19 by country.
x
Figure
Figure 180: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé by decade.
x
Figure
Figure 181: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by decade.
x
Figure
Figure 182: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Bib-ACMé before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 183: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Conha19 before and in or after 1880.
x
Figure
Figure 184: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by prestige.
x
Figure
Figure 185: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by narrative perspective.
x
Figure
Figure 186: Primary subgenre labels related to literary currents in Conha19 by continent of the setting.
x
Figure
Figure 187: Primary subgenres related to literary currents in Conha19 by time period of the setting.
x
Figure
Figure 188: Work length in tokens by primary subgenres related to literary currents in Conha19.